Apple sparse flowers and fruit, pay attention to the following points
When the apple tree is large, the fruit trees have many results. Although the yield is very large, the quality is very low. If it is not managed and allowed to grow, it will weaken the apple tree's tree potential, and the disease resistance will be reduced. In severe cases, the fruit trees will be advanced. death. When apples are small, the results of fruit trees are small, and the yield and quality are not high, which affects the income of fruit farmers. Therefore, it is very important to avoid the occurrence of large and small years when the apple trees are flowering. Professor Lei Zongzhong from Yangling Vocational and Technical College said that when the apples are thinned and thinned, the following points should be grasped. First, strict flowering, fruit thinning, fruit setting standards When flowering, the inflorescence separation period is to eliminate the dense and poor quality inflorescence; to remove the long long branches and the permanent main branches to extend the inflorescences 50 cm away; thoroughly remove the inflorescence buds and retain the leaves on the moss; In the flowering period, the center flower and the side flower are selected, and the rest of the flowers are removed. When fruit thinning, priority should be given to retaining the center fruit. In the case of insufficient fruit in the center, you can choose the larger side fruit that is thicker and flattened. Resolutely put an end to the double fruit and three fruits. When fruit thinning, try to remove the fruit and reduce the cause and effect when collecting. Thoroughly remove the fruit, deformed fruit, diseased fruit and wounded fruit. Second, scientifically determine the amount of fruit left According to the variety, fruit setting, tree potential, site conditions, fertilizer and water conditions, the amount of fruit retained in the mu is determined. On this basis, the amount of fruit retained by each plant and each main branch was determined. First, it is determined according to the size of the fruit. Large fruit varieties (such as Fuji, Qin Guan, etc.) 20~25 cm to leave a fruit; medium and small fruit varieties (such as 嘎啦, åƒç§‹, etc.) 15~20 cm to leave a fruit, the amount of fruit can be slightly more than 10~ 20%. The second is determined according to the situation of the tree. If the tree is strong, it will stay more. If the tree is weak, it will stay less. Third, matters needing attention 1. Orchards with a large amount of flowers must strictly control the amount of flowers left to maintain a reasonable load. 2, before the fruit is thinned, the tools should be carefully disinfected to avoid the spread of germs. 3, to strengthen the management of flowering period, combined with pest control, spray the appropriate amount of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, humic acid, active calcium and other foliar fertilizer spray, supplement nutrition, improve fruit set and fruit quality . Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. If legal rights of third parties are involved, please inform this website. phone The automatic biochemical analyzer is an instrument that measures a specific chemical composition in body fluids according to the principle of photoelectric colorimetry. Due to its fast measurement speed, high accuracy and small consumption of reagents, it has been widely used in hospitals, epidemic prevention stations and family planning service stations at all levels. The combined use can greatly improve the efficiency and benefits of routine biochemical testing. Bio Chemistry Analyzer, Clinical Chemistry Analyzer, Blood Chemistry Analyzer,Urine Chemistry Analyzer Jilin Sinoscience Technology Co. LTD , https://www.contoryinstruments.com
principle
The automatic analyzer is to automatically run all or part of the steps of sampling, mixing, warm bath (37°C) detection, result calculation, judgment, display and printing results and cleaning in the original manual operation process. Today, biochemical tests are basically automated analysis, and there are fully automatic biochemical analysis systems designed for large or very large clinical laboratories and commercial laboratories, which can be arbitrarily configured according to the laboratory's testing volume.
Whether it is the fastest-running (9600Test/h) modular fully automatic biochemical analyzer today, or the original manual-operated photoelectric colorimeter for colorimetry, the principle is the use of absorption spectroscopy in spectroscopic technology. It is the most basic core of the biochemical instrument.
Optical system: is a key part of ACA. Older ACA systems used halogen tungsten lamps, lenses, color filters, and photocell assemblies. The optical part of the new ACA system has been greatly improved. ACA's beam splitting system can be divided into front splitting and rear splitting due to different light positions. The advanced optical components use a set of lenses between the light source and the cuvette to convert the original light source. The light projected by the lamp passes through the cuvette to bring the beam to the speed of light (unlike traditional wedge beams), so that the spot beam can pass through even the smallest cuvette. Compared with traditional methods, it can save reagent consumption by 40-60%. After the spot beam passes through the cuvette, the spot beam is restored to the original beam through this group of restoration lenses (wide difference correction system), and is divided into several fixed wavelengths (about 10 or more wavelengths) by the grating. The optical/digital signal direct conversion technology is used to directly convert the optical signal in the optical path into a digital signal. It completely eliminates the interference of electromagnetic waves to the signal and the attenuation in the process of signal transmission. At the same time, the optical fiber is used in the signal transmission process, so that the signal can achieve no attenuation, and the test accuracy is improved by nearly 100 times. The closed combination of the optical path system makes the optical path without any maintenance, and the light splitting is accurate and the service life is long.
Constant temperature system: Since the temperature of the biochemical reaction has a great influence on the reaction results, the sensitivity and accuracy of the constant temperature system directly affect the measurement results. The early biochemical instruments used the method of air bath, and later developed into a dry bath with constant temperature liquid circulation which combines the advantages of dry air bath and water bath. The principle is to design a constant temperature tank around the cuvette, and add a stable constant temperature liquid that is odorless, non-polluting, non-evaporating and non-deteriorating in the tank. The constant temperature liquid has a large capacity, good thermal stability and uniformity. The cuvette does not directly contact the constant temperature liquid, which overcomes the characteristics of the water bath type constant temperature being susceptible to pollution and the uneven and unstable air bath.
Sample reaction stirring technology and probe technology: The traditional reaction stirring technology adopts magnetic bead type and vortex stirring type. The current popular stirring technology is a stirring unit composed of multiple groups of stirring rods that imitate the manual cleaning process. When the first group of stirring rods is stirring the sample/reagent or mixed solution, the second group of stirring rods performs high-speed and high-efficiency cleaning at the same time. The set of stirring bars also undergoes a warm water washing and air drying process at the same time. In the design of a single stirring rod, a new type of spiral high-speed rotating stirring is adopted, and the rotation direction is opposite to the spiral direction, thereby increasing the stirring force, the stirred liquid does not foam, and reducing the scattering of light by microbubbles. Reagent and sample probes are based on the principle of early capacitive sensing, but slightly improved to increase the alarm of blood clots and protein clots, and re-test results according to the alarm level, reducing sample aspiration errors and improving the reliability of test results. . Large-scale biochemical instruments can detect more than 1,000 tests per hour, so automatic retesting is very important. Subjective evaluation of test results and manual retesting can no longer meet clinical needs.
Other aspects: barcode recognition of reagents and samples and computer login. Due to the lack of barcode recognition function of early biochemical instruments, there are more opportunities for errors. In recent years, both imported and domestic chemical instruments have adopted barcode detection. The use of this technology in biochemical instruments has provided technical support for the development of high-speed ACA, and also made the instrument quite supportive. The software development is simple and easy, therefore, barcode detection is the basis for the intelligence of the instrument. Open reagents, as an important factor for hospitals to choose models, whether the instrument supports open reagents is very important. After the reagents are opened, hospitals and scientific research units can choose their own reagent suppliers, and have a greater degree of freedom in measuring the price, the reliability of the test results, and the validity period of the reagents. Ion Selective Electrode Analysis Accessory (ISE), human serum and urine electrolyte indicators are very important, and hospitals can save money by adding ISE to the ACA system.