Chestnut harvested to summarize the technology
Chestnut has strong adaptability, drought resistance, and is also more resistant to thinness. It is suitable for planting in the mountains of our province, and it can also maintain water and soil. However, if the farmers neglect the management of the growing season, not only the tree is weakened, the yield is low, the quality is poor, and the fruit yield and quality in the coming year are affected. Timely summarization of technology can not only extend the growth cycle of chestnut, save a lot of manpower and material resources, but also improve economic efficiency. â–¡ Zou Yuanxiang special correspondent Zhou Chaowenwen / map On September 22, the agricultural technicians in Dadukou Town, Naxi District, Luzhou City came to the land of Liu Kefen, a chestnut grower in Limu Village. The site summarized the technical points of the management of chestnut growth. Soil management The key to soil management in mountain chestnut gardens is reasonable irrigation and tree cover. In July and September, there is often an early morning, and irrigation should be done to keep the soil moist, to ensure the demand for water at the peak of fruit growth. Each plant is filled with 50 kg of water, and if necessary, every half month. The tree tray is covered in the middle and late July. Before the onset of drought, straw, wheat straw or weeds are covered in the canopy drip line. The thickness is about 10 cm to protect the water and regulate the ground temperature and promote root growth. Prevention of pests and diseases The main diseases of chestnut are blight, powdery mildew and anthrax. Blight disease - prevention and control methods are mainly to strengthen the management of chestnuts and enhance the tree. For the light-affected plants, the diseased department is removed from May to June, and the wound is disinfected with 400-500 times of antibacterial agent, and the Bordeaux mixture is applied for protection. The spray of Bordeaux mixture on the branches during the growth period can also reduce the infection. Powdery mildew - in the early stage of the disease, spray Bamei 0.2-0.3 degree stone sulfur mixture or 50% wettable anti-bacterial 1000 times liquid, and spray again after 10-15 days. Anthrax - cut off diseased branches in the fall and winter. Between March and June, spray 3-4 times 500-800 times of chlorothalonil. After scraping the diseased part before germination in early winter or spring, apply or spray 40% Fumex arsenic 50-100 times solution on the branches to kill residual bacteria. . Chestnut pests include chestnut bees, chestnut beetles, and peach aphids. Chestnut bee: Spraying dimethoate, parathion, etc. 1 to 2 times in June and July. Chestnut weevil: In July and August, when the adult worms unearthed the tender fruits and tender leaves, the canopy was sprayed with trichlorfon, sprayed every 10 days, and even sprayed 2-3 times. Taotao: In the middle of the incubation period of the larvae in mid-August, the larvae were sprayed twice to kill pine and trichlorfon. Strong fruit Each spring, fertilization is mainly based on nitrogen, combined with phosphorus and potassium. Each tree is planted in a shallow ditch with a 0.1-0.2-ton compound fertilizer and a compound fertilizer. There are many fruit, and it can be applied at a discretion. If the tree is strong and the fruit is small, it can be used less. Strong fruit fertilizer. July-August is the period of rapid expansion of chestnut fruit. The adult tree is 0.2-0.3 kg per plant or 50-100 kg of human and animal excrement, and 0.5-1 kg of superphosphate and 0.3-0.75 kg of potassium chloride. Foliar spray fertilizer. From May to June each year, the rapid growth period of new shoots and the fruit development period of July-August are sprayed with 0.2%-0.3% borax+0.2%-0.3% urea+0.25%-0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Reasonable pruning The initial result tree pruning should continue to expand the canopy and enter the fruiting period as soon as possible. Use light shear when trimming to adjust the balance between vegetative growth and reproductive growth, laying the foundation for high yield and stable yield. The new result tree should be pulled to the main side branches before the germination of the summer buds, which promotes the partial sprouting of the bare parts and increases the number of shoots in the plant and the number of shoots in the middle and lower parts. Before the germination of spring buds, a considerable part of the thin branches should be removed. Only some weak branches should be kept in the emptiness part of the canopy for heavy short cuts to promote their sprouting and auxiliary branches. For extended branches, short cuts should be used to promote branching, cultivating side branches and resulting shoots. However, the application of short cuts is limited to the extension branches of the center stem, the main branch and the side branches of the branches. If necessary, lightly cut at the full shoots of the extended branches at all levels, and lightly trim as much as possible to facilitate early results and enhance tree potential. Fruit top picking When the buds of the youngest shoots in the youngest shoots grow more than 6 buds before the inflorescence, they should retain about 4 buds in the fruit before picking. The topping of the fruit can not only improve the strength of the knot in the current year, but also help to enhance the continuous fruiting ability of the fruit branches and increase the yield of the next year. For chestnut trees with continuous results of 2-4 years or more, the spring shoots with overlapping crosses are generally removed. For the vacant parts of the crown, the 2-3 buds of the male branches are shortened, which promotes the sprouting of strong branches. After the pollination of the male flowering branches, if the canopy needs to be supplemented with branches, the base 1 and 2 buds can be left short. Flower management Short male flowers, when the male inflorescence is 2 cm long, retain the 3-5 upper inflorescences of the new shoots, and the rest are all removed. Dredging flowers, drowning, time should be sooner rather than later, when sparse flowers, try to keep the big flowers, good flowers, and small flowers that grow out in the lower part of the fruit branches, generally one to three female inflorescences on a fruit branch is appropriate; dredging, When the diameter of the pups reaches 0.5 cm, the fruit branches are 30-35 cm long and 2 to 3, and the fruit branches are 20-30 cm long and 1 or 2 leaves for dredging. Only one of the weakly growing fruit branches is left. Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. 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