High-yield cultivation techniques for asparagus

Asparagus is one of the important varieties of vegetables for export, second only to mushrooms, and second. Asparagus is known as the king of vegetables. It is rich in nutrients and is also a delicious medicine. It can inhibit the growth of tumor cells and treat cancer. It can prevent and treat diseases such as hypertension, heart disease, cystitis, nephritis, and edema; it can fight fatigue and increase appetite. ; Can remove toxic substances produced by the metabolic process in the human body, improve human immune function. From the domestic and foreign markets, over the years, supply has always exceeded demand, especially in foreign markets, where demand is high, and prices are high and stable. The initial product purchase price is maintained at 4-6 yuan per kilogram, and the annual output per acre is more than 800kg. It is planted in rural areas. Industry structure adjustment, farmers to get rich * effective way.

Is a perennial perennial plant. It is different from ordinary vegetables and crops. After sowing, raising seedlings, and planting in the field at one time, bamboo shoots can be continuously harvested for 10-15 years. In addition to the large amount of capital and labor investment in the first year, starting from the next year, only fertilizer, Labor input for pesticides and field management. Asparagus is put into production relatively quickly, it can reach 400kg in the second year of planting, and enter the full-bodied period in the third year, and the yield per mu can reach more than 800kg. The main cultivation points are introduced below.

1. Land selection. Plots with mulberry orchards or woodlands should be avoided. Because the residues in the soil are prone to produce purple plumeria after being rotten, they are easy to be transmitted to asparagus, cause root rot and cause serious losses. Asparagus is resistant to drought and waterlogging, and should avoid low-lying areas.

2. Select good varieties. A high-yield, high-quality, high-efficiency and adaptable Apollo P1 hybrid and purple passion should be selected.

3. Nursery. It is advisable to start seedlings in early May or mid-July. If seedlings are cultivated in the field, as the asparagus seeds have a thick cortex and are difficult to germinate, they must be germinated. The specific method is to soak the seeds in hot water at 55 degrees Celsius for 15 minutes, then soak them in warm water at 25 degrees Celsius for 24 hours, and then germinate for 48 hours. When 5% of the seeds are "white", they can be sown.

4. Colonization. For north-south planting, the row spacing is 0.3mx1.3m *, and the planting density is 1700 plants per acre. Before planting, open the ditch according to the row spacing of 1.3m. Apply 1000kg of rotten chicken manure and 40kg of compound fertilizer per ditch, and backfill the soil to 15cm from the ground before planting.

5. Field management after planting. The goal of field management after planting is to make the seedlings produce quickly in order to enter the bamboo shoots early. The specific measures are cultivating loose soil, supplementing seedlings, and weeding; reasonable interplanting, suitable for dwarf peanuts, can improve land utilization and increase economic income; prevent and control diseases and insect pests in a timely manner; do a good job in clearing ditch and draining water to prevent water from accumulating after rain ; Topdress in time when there is insufficient fertility.

6. Harvesting. When the local stem height exceeds 1.5m or the newly unearthed tender stem base exceeds 0.7cm, the bamboo shoots can be put into production. Pay attention to observation during the harvesting of the bamboo shoots. When the diameter of the bamboo shoots becomes thin, stop harvesting and keep the stems. In order to increase the yield, the stem can be harvested from the mother stem. During the harvesting period, no topdressing is required, and potassium-based compound fertilizer is applied when the stem is released. The bamboo shoots should be watered frequently, once every 10 days, alternately, and watered.

7. Dormant period. The northern part of the asparagus turns yellow in winter, and it must be frozen before being frozen.

8. Disease and Pest Control

â‘  Insect pests. Insect pests can be divided into two categories: ground pests and underground pests. Ground pests that are more harmful to asparagus are negative mudworms, aphids, and moth pests. Negative mudworms can be controlled biologically by the bent-tailed bee, chemical control can be sprayed with trichlorfon or deltamethrin. Aphid control can be avoided by yellow trap or silver ash film. There are four species of underground pests that are more harmful to asparagus: crickets, maggots, gold needles, and tigers. It is one of the most effective methods to trap and kill 4 kinds of pests. It is strictly forbidden to use the medicine during the harvesting stage, and phoxim can be irrigated during the production period, using 400ml per mu.

â‘¡ Diseases. Diseases of asparagus are also divided into above-ground diseases and underground diseases. Above-ground diseases are mainly brown spot disease of stem blight. Prevention and control methods must adopt comprehensive measures. The spring bamboo shoots should be completely cleared before the bamboo shoots are harvested, and the remaining branches should be burned. Apply 2-3 kg of dike pine per acre. Reasonably harvest the bamboo shoots to prevent the plants from becoming weak and susceptible to disease. The membrane prevents splashing rain infection; when the stems are stopped and placed, 600 times of carbendazim and nail rest are sprayed alternately 4-5 times. Underground diseases are mainly root rot. The disease is mainly for prevention. Avoid land such as woodland, orchards, mulberry orchards during planting, strengthen fertilizer and water management, and increase the application of organic fertilizers to promote healthy root growth and increase disease resistance. The bamboo fields should be drained and flooded to prevent disease. After the plant was excavated in time, and the soil was disinfected with 20% lime water or dibaisong.

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