Vegetable pest prevention and control technology
Pharmaceutical control is the main measure for the control of vegetable pests and diseases in production, which can greatly reduce the pest control cost and reduce the pollution of pesticides to the environment. It is an important approach and an inevitable choice for rural construction of resource-saving and environment-friendly society. 1. Rational rotation Rotation is the simplest, most economical and effective measure to prevent, control or reduce certain diseases, pests and weeds in vegetables. It also helps to adjust and improve soil physical and chemical properties and coordinate the use of soil moisture and nutrients. The rotation period is generally 2-3 years. 2. Rational intercropping The rational use of vegetables and certain crops in the form of intercropping, interplanting, or mixed cropping can often control or reduce the occurrence of certain pests and diseases, thus receiving the effect of “do not apply pesticides and win pesticidesâ€. Intercropping maize and spicy peppers. Due to the shading effect of corn, the incidence of sunburn and virus disease in peppers was 72% lower than that of monocropping field. Intercropping maize and green peppers reduced the incidence of green pepper virus disease by 56.9%. Cucumber mosaic disease can be reduced 61.6%; corn intercropping cabbage, because the field temperature than the single field decreased by 0.5 °C, the ground temperature decreased by 2 °C, can reduce cabbage virus disease by more than 20%, white spot disease decreased by 18%, cabbage soft rot The incidence of downy mildew was also significantly reduced; potato and garlic intercropping can inhibit the occurrence of potato late blight; winter wax melon and tomatoes can significantly reduce the incidence of tomato sunburn; onion and carrots together, they The odors emitted by each one can drive out each other's pests; cabbage planting between the rows of garlic can reduce the soft rot of the cabbage by 62.5%; the intercropping of cabbage and leeks can significantly reduce the harm caused by cabbage soft rot; cabbage, cabbage and other cross-flowers The family of vegetables asks for seedlings, tomatoes, or mint, and the pungent odor emitted by the latter makes it possible to avoid the white butterfly that lays eggs on cruciferous vegetables; the cucumber in the vineyard can make Leaf spot, downy mildew incidence decreased on average 47.5%. 3. Treat living insects with dead insects Pick 100 grams of cabbage caterpillar per acre, smash and rot, mix with 250 ml of water, add 50 grams of detergent, and then mix with 50 kg of water and make up 0.2% of cabbage worm body fluid. 4. Treat pests with bacteria The control of the greenhouse whitefly using the corn sclerotia agent cultured and propagated on the main medium of corn flour, the parasitic rate of the whitefly nymph can reach more than 80%. 5. Treat pests with antibiotics 10% of yangyangmycin EC has a strong contact effect on fleas and is effective for 7 days. It is safe for natural enemies. With 10% of Liuyangmycin EC 1000 times, spraying began at the beginning of leaf blast, sprayed once every 7 days, even sprayed 2 to 3 times, the effectiveness of up to 85 to 90%. 6. Heap trapping Using the habit of 蟋蟀喜 habitat on the bottom of the thin layer of grass, the 10-20 cm thick grass piles are placed in the field evenly and 5 meters long and 3 meters long. The next day, the grass will be collected and killed; if it is in the grass Put some poison baits below or use a wooden stick with a diameter of 3-5 cm to make a cave, then the effect is better. But it is suitable for application in vegetable fields. 7. Yellow traps Aphids, whiteflies, etc. have strong tropism towards yellow and yellow planks can be trapped and killed. The method is: cut the fiberboard or cardboard into a 10.2-meter long strip, apply orange peel, apply a layer of viscous oil (add a little oil with a small amount of oil on the 10th oil), 32-34 pieces per acre, place on the line Between the bottom of the yellow plate and the top of the plant, the level is even or slightly higher. When aphids, whitefly, etc. stick to the board surface, it is necessary to re-coat the sticky oil in time, and generally can be re-coated once every 7-10 days. 8. sex pheromone trap Artificially synthesized sex hormones (referred to as "sex attractants"), crude extracts using sex pheromone, and direct use of live females that are not copulated. The trapping and killing of female moths is simple, low-cost, easy to popularize, and the effect is obvious when the amount of insects is small. The practice is: make a circular cage with a length of 10 cm and a diameter of 3 cm with a 50- to 60-mesh insect net, and place 1 to 2 un-matted female moths in each cage (you can collect females in the field first When the feathers are used, wait until they are used. Hang the cage on the basin. The basin is filled with a little kerosene and put into the field after dusk. It can kill many male moths every night. 9. Use fertilizer to control pests Urea has the effect of destroying the chitin of insects. It is prepared by mixing urea, detergent and water in a ratio of 4:1:400. It is used to kill vegetables, flowers, aphids, cabbage caterpillars, and red spiders. A variety of pests have good control effects; in the spawning period of cabbage caterpillar, with 1-3% lime water or 1-3% calcium superphosphate leachate spray, more than 52% eggs can be avoided within one week, the effect on the fifth day can reach 84% . Disclaimer: Some articles in this website have been transferred from the Internet. If you are involved in third party legal rights, please inform this website. phone Xi'an Double H Health Technology Co., Ltd , https://www.xadoubleh.com