Introduction to pharmaceutical blister packaging and printing materials
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Since this form of packaging provides the patient with a single dose of the drug package, it is convenient and economical. The aluminum-plastic blister packaging protects the performance of the medicine, the production speed is fast, the cost is low, the space occupied by the storage is small, the weight is light, and the transportation is convenient. In recent years, it has been more valued by the producers and welcomed by the users. The application of pharmaceutical blister packaging materials is increasing. In the coming period, China will greatly increase the quality of pharmaceutical aluminum foil blister packaging, and its blister packaging is called a new growth point for pharmaceutical packaging in the future. Therefore, the main printing materials in the blister packaging, such as medicinal aluminum foil printing materials, medicinal aluminum foil printing inks and accessory materials adhesives, protective agents and medicinal polyvinyl chloride materials, are currently developing a good prospect in the flexible packaging printing of medicines. One of the packaging materials. Based on the current use of China's pharmaceutical printing materials aluminum foil, printing inks, and the use of protective agent adhesives and polyvinyl chloride, this paper analyzes the development prospects of pharmaceutical printing blister packaging materials in the next few years.
Selection and application of aluminum foil printing ink materials There are many types of printing inks on the market, and the brands are different. However, considering the printing process of medicinal aluminum foil and the special requirements of pharmaceutical packaging, the printing ink for aluminum foil must have good adhesion to aluminum foil, the printed text pattern is firm and clear, the solvent release is fast, the heat resistance is good, and the friction resistance is good. Excellent, good gloss, non-toxic pigments, can not cause the chemical components contained in the ink to migrate and contaminate the packaged drugs. The practical viscosity should meet the requirements of the aluminum foil printing process.
The current application of aluminum foil printing inks is mainly divided into two categories: * is a alcohol-soluble polyamide ink; because polyamide resin has good adhesion to various substrates, especially suitable for Printed polyolefin film materials, with good dispersibility, good gloss, softness, good abrasion resistance, solvent release and printing performance, so it is used to formulate special plastic film such as LDPE. , gravure surface printing ink printed on the surface of CPP, OPP, etc. Because of its wide application, anti-blocking and easy drying, this ink is also used for surface printing of medicinal aluminum foil. When such ink is printed on the surface of aluminum foil, its various excellent properties can be expressed, and the heat resistance is also It can meet the requirements in the process of printing and using aluminum foil, and it is one type of medicinal aluminum foil printing. However, such inks are not special inks for aluminum foil printing, and the problem is that ink peeling occurs when printing large-area surfaces of aluminum foil. At present, the domestic ink factory can produce aluminum foil intaglio printing special polyamide ink. The use of some users shows that the ink has good heat resistance and strong adhesion. After 200 °C high temperature heat sealing test, the printed text pattern is still clear. Discoloration. The second type of ink for aluminum foil is a special printing ink for aluminum foil mainly composed of vinyl chloride vinyl acetate copolymer resin and acrylic resin. This is a developed intaglio printing ink which is characterized by bright brilliance, high concentration, strong adhesion to aluminum foil, good transparency, and excellent metallic gloss reproducibility of aluminum foil. However, since it is a printing ink in a gravure, its solvent volatility is large. When used for aluminum foil printing, it is easy to cause the ink to dry in the inking hole of the gravure roll to produce a paste phenomenon, which affects the printing effect and the surface quality of the medicinal aluminum foil. The above two inks are insufficient in the surface printing of medicinal aluminum foil. If it is to adjust the composition of the mixed solvent of the second type of aluminum foil special ink, and to meet the process requirements of the surface printing of medical aluminum foil, it will be more and better. Surface printing using aluminum foil.
The main printing material of blister packaging, the use of aluminum foil and the current state of the art blister packaging printing material aluminum foil, is sealed on medicinal plastic polyvinyl chloride (PVC), the sealing material on the hard sheet, also known as the cover material, its surface It can be printed into colorful characters or patterns, and has printability on both sides. The aluminum foil is made of calendered aluminum with a purity of 99%. It is non-toxic and tasteless, has excellent electrical conductivity and opacity, and has high moisture resistance, gas barrier and taste. Because aluminum foil has a highly dense metal crystal structure, it can completely block any gas, water vapor and light. The product can effectively protect the packaged object. In modern packaging, almost all products requiring opaque or high barrier composite materials use aluminum foil as a barrier layer, so the application is very extensive.
However, the overall quality of medicinal aluminum foil in China is still quite different from that of imported aluminum foil. Judging from the application situation of the current production of medicinal aluminum foil printing enterprises, there are mainly the following problems: the number of pinholes of medicinal aluminum foil is far below the requirements of use, and the pinhole of aluminum foil is a defect of penetration, which seriously affects The barrier properties of aluminum foil, especially for the outer packaging of pharmaceuticals, easily penetrate oxygen and water vapor, thereby reducing the efficacy of the drug. The quality of medicines is related to human life, and medicine packaging is a special product to protect the performance of medicines. The quality of products must not be neglected. In the national standard of medicinal aluminum foil, it is required that there should be no pinholes with a diameter greater than 0.3 mm, and pinholes with a diameter of 0.1-0.3 mm cannot be more than one square meter. Currently, domestic aluminum foil rarely meets this standard. The thickness of the medicinal aluminum foil is uneven, and the tensile strength is low. When the thickness of the aluminum foil is not uniform, the amount of the adhesive applied to the aluminum foil during the printing process is difficult to meet the standard requirements, and the difference in the coating amount is increased, thereby affecting the aluminum foil and The heat-sealing strength of the plastic rigid sheet, the uneven thickness of the aluminum foil, and the low tensile strength cause the foil to be broken after the tension is applied to the unwinding roll, which is unfavorable for the normal operation of the printing, and these problems need to be paid attention to by the raw material manufacturers. With the expansion of pharmaceutical aluminum foil packaging applications and the continuous modification of China's medicinal aluminum foil printing machinery, the development of pharmaceutical aluminum foil is very rapid, and the use of medicinal aluminum foil has increased year by year.
The use of polyvinyl chloride material in blister packaging At present, the application of medicinal polyvinyl chloride (PVC) hard film in the blister packaging of China is relatively large. Because the medicine is sensitive to moisture and light, the plastic hard sheet should be It has good barrier properties against water, gas, light, odor and so on. At present, the PVC we use is not ideal in terms of moisture resistance, so we will promote the use of polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) or its composite materials for some time to come. Due to its high density, regular structure and high crystallinity, polyvinylidene chloride has excellent gas tightness, excellent moisture resistance, good oil resistance, chemical resistance and solvent resistance, especially Oxygen, water vapor and carbon monoxide gas in the air have excellent barrier properties. Comparing with materials of the same thickness: Polyvinylidene chloride has 1500 times of barrier properties to polyethylene (PE), 100 times that of polypropylene (PP), and 100 times that of polyester (PET). Both water vapor and oxygen are superior to polyvinyl chloride. Polyvinylidene chloride not only has good barrier to gas odor, but also has various indexes such as impact strength, tensile strength and durability of sealing. It can meet the special requirements of pharmaceutical packaging and printing, and is the development direction of pharmaceutical packaging materials in the future. It is expected that the demand for PVC sheets for pharmaceutical packaging will reach 40,000 T or more in the coming period, and gradually adopt new high-barrier materials, such as polyvinylidene chloride hard sheets and other plastic composite materials PVC/PVDC. /PE, PVDC/OPP/PE, PVC/PE and other light-proof brown composite plastic hard sheets will be widely used in the printing and packaging of pharmaceutical aluminum foil.
The application of aluminum foil printing coating adhesive and its direction medicinal aluminum foil is based on industrial pure aluminum foil, printing a text pattern on the surface and applying a protective agent, and applying adhesive on the other side, bonding in the coating The text pattern can also be printed before the agent. The purpose of the protective agent is to prevent the abrasion of the surface printing ink layer, and also to prevent the outer foil from contacting the inner layer adhesive when the aluminum foil is wound, thereby causing contamination of the medicine. The role of the adhesive is to bond the aluminum foil to the plastic hard sheet to seal the drug. The adhesives currently used are mainly classified into one-component adhesives and two-component adhesives. The composition of the one-component adhesive is mainly composed of natural rubber or synthetic rubber and nitrocellulose fiber or acrylate. Since the main agent is an elastomer, together with a tackifier as an auxiliary agent, an organic solvent is used to form an emulsion. Non-drying, hot melt and certain bond strength, with the advancement of hygienic requirements for pharmaceutical packaging materials, this single-component adhesive application area is gradually reduced, and more use of two-component polyurethane adhesive, it Mainly composed of a main agent and a curing agent. The main agent generally contains a lot of active hydrogen such as a hydroxyl group, an amino group and the like, and the curing agent is composed of a compound of a polyisocyanate. When the isocyanate benzene in the curing agent is contacted with the active hydrogen in the main molecule, the addition reaction is automatically carried out, and the structure of the natural carbamate doubles the molecular weight of the main agent and the curing agent. Even the cross-linked product of the three-dimensional conformation with a branched structure has good resistance to high and low temperature, resistance to medium corrosion, and high adhesion. Since the polyurethane molecule contains a large number of polar groups, the dipole moment is large, and the bonding material has a great affinity, so the bonding of various printing materials such as aluminum foil and plastic, and the isocyanate group in the curing agent. It is a very reactive reactive group. It reacts with active hydrogen in the main molecule and reacts with active hydrogen in the surface of the material of the material to be bonded. It is a natural chemical chain. The adhesive molecules act as a bridge between the bonded material and the bonded material to produce a stronger bond. Due to the good adhesion of such adhesives, it has been widely used in the printing and coating of aluminum foil printing and the printing and compounding of various plastic films. In the future, the application of adhesives for aluminum foil printing will be developed in the direction of no solvent. Its composition is also a two-component polyurethane type. The difference is that the main agent and the curing agent have higher viscosity at room temperature, but are still active. Semi-solid material. When used, the main agent and the curing agent are mixed in proportion to the container with heating and heat preservation function, and the viscosity is lowered after the temperature is raised, and then applied to the aluminum foil substrate through the gravure roll having the heating and heat preservation function, and it is not necessary to dry the road after the glue is applied. It is heated and dried, and it can directly bond with another substrate because it does not contain any solvent. The use of solvent-free adhesives does not have exhaust gas emissions problems, and there is no need to provide a large drying tunnel heating and blasting device in the printing coating equipment. Foreign countries have adopted this type of bonding due to the great emphasis on environmental protection. Agent.