Symptoms, diagnosis and prevention of bovine edema
Bovine edema is an acute septic epidemic of ruminants caused by Clostridium mobilis. It is also known as black leg disease or sputum. The cows suffering from the disease are characterized by hemorrhagic necrotizing inflammation of the local skeletal muscle, subcutaneous and intermuscular connective tissue sputum bleeding. Xiaobian will talk about the diagnosis and prevention methods of bovine carbuncle disease. First, the characteristics of pathogens The pathogen of bovine edema is Fusarium oxysporum, which belongs to anaerobic bacteria. Its shape is blunt, non-capsulated and movable at both ends, and can form fusiform or spindle-like spores in vivo and in vitro; Clostridium fuliginea has no strong resistance to chemical disinfectants, high temperature and dryness, and the spore resistance is extremely strong. 3% formalin and 0.2% mercuric chloride are inactivated in 15 min and 10 min, respectively. Second, the prevalence 1. The disease mainly occurs in all kinds of cattle. The young cattle are most susceptible to infection. Once infected, the disease has a high mortality rate; the diseased cattle are the main source of infection, and are infected by contaminated drinking water or feed indirectly into the digestive tract of healthy cattle. , is distributed or endemic. 2, the disease has a significant seasonality, more common in the spring and summer grazing season, especially in the hot and rainy summer is most likely to occur. Third, clinical symptoms The incubation period of the disease is usually 3 to 7 days, and the course of disease is 1 to 3 days. The sudden onset of body temperature of the sick animal reached 42 °C, the initial lack of energy, loss of appetite, rumination stopped and claudication, accompanied by the disease can not stand, the gas in the shoulder, chest, buttocks, waist and other muscles, swelling, initial heat pain After the cold and painless, the skin of the swollen part is black or dark red, the pressure is squeaky, and the liquid flows out after the puncture is black and red, accompanied by air bubbles and acid odor; in the late stage of the disease, the conjunctival cyanosis and body temperature Falling, breathing difficulties, and eventually failing to die. Fourth, pathological changes The dead body of the dead animal is rapidly spoiled and highly swelled. The foamy bloody liquid flows out from the vagina, anus and mouth and nose; the local lymph node is swollen and swollen; the affected part has a black-red cut surface with a sponge-like shape, and the muscles are filled with gas and acid odor, and the muscles are damaged. Necrosis; effusion in the abdominal cavity, chest and pericardium is dark red; liver and kidney swelling are dark black; other organs have necrotic or septicemia changes. Fifth, diagnosis 1. According to epidemiology, typical clinical symptoms (swelling in the muscles of the shoulders, chest, buttocks, etc.), and pathological changes (the muscle cut surface is spongy, accompanied by the foamy liquid flowing out in red, emitting acid odor A preliminary diagnosis can be made for bovine carbuncle disease. The specific diagnosis requires laboratory test: collecting edema fluid, liver, muscle and other parts of the swollen part of the sick animal, as Gram stain, positive or small, short-chain small bacilli, microscopic vacuoles at the top Can be diagnosed. 2. Differential diagnosis. The disease should be differentially diagnosed with bovine anthrax, Pasteurellosis and malignant edema disease. (1) Bovine anthrax belongs to edematous swelling, no gas, no sputum sound, and local inflammatory swelling of sick animals; black blood flow out of natural holes of sick and dead animals and blood clotting is incomplete. (2) Pasteurellosis is an inflammatory swelling. The main site of the disease is the throat and neck accompanied by gasping, coughing, and serous nasal fluid flowing out of the nasal cavity, but there is no sputum. (3) The occurrence of malignant edema disease is closely related to the history of skin damage, mainly in the subcutaneous and indefinite parts of the diseased animals. At the beginning of the disease, the sputum pronunciation disappears, no gas, no muscles and no spongy lesions. Sixth, prevention and control measures 1. In case of bovine carbuncle disease, suspicious cattle and sick cattle should be isolated in time for treatment. For other cattle, the bovine vaccination vaccine should be urgently inoculated, and the cattle house and the feeding utensils should be thoroughly disinfected by using 0.2% mercuric chloride solution or 10% bleaching powder. Diseased dead animals should be done in a harmless treatment such as deep burial or incineration. 2. In the early stage of the onset of intramuscular injection of penicillin 2 times / d 2 million IU each time, 3% hydrogen peroxide can be directly used around the swelling site; in the middle and late stages of the disease, under the condition of strict anti-poisoning, the swollen part will be quickly cut open, and the exudate will be exuded. Remove with spoilage tissue, rinse thoroughly with 3% hydrogen peroxide and apply sulfonamide powder. At the same time, according to the condition of the sick animal, symptomatic treatment such as cardiac rehydration can be performed. 50 m L of 10% vitamin C + 500 m L 10% glucose is administered intravenously twice a day for 2 to 3 days. 3, Chinese medicine treatment: ginger 20 g, berberine 30 g, soil rhubarb, Prunella, Kusmine, Lysimachia, verbena 50 g each, scutellaria, three needles each 100 g total water decoction after warming and feeding to the disease Livestock, 2 times / d. 4. Strengthen feeding management and regular deworming. It is strictly forbidden to graze in contaminated pastures during the epidemic. According to the procedure, the vaccine of Fusarium oxysporum is inoculated according to the procedure. In the spring, no matter the size of the cattle, 5m L of emphysema vaccine is injected subcutaneously. Young cows should be boosted once every 6 months to prevent bovine carbuncle disease. Bovine carbuncle disease is transmitted from the infected animal through the land. Therefore, the farmer should also handle the corpse of the sick animal to reduce the probability of infection while doing the immunization work. China Extract Powder For Use As Dietary Supplement Extract Powder, Extract Powder Manufacturer Shaanxi Kang New Pharmaceutical co., Ltd. , https://www.bio-pharmacies.com
