North Spring Corn Grain Management Points
Popcorn grain period refers to the period from tasseling to maturity. In the flowering stage, the growth and development of vegetative organs such as roots, stems, and leaves ceased, and then turned to the reproductive growth stage with flowering, pollination, fertilization, and grain filling as the core, and this is the key period for the formation of yield. Production management 1. Prevent drought during silking. Maize has the highest water intensity in tasselling to silking stage and is most sensitive to drought stress. It is the “critical period†of moisture in corn during its lifetime. The closer the drought occurs to the silking period, the greater the reduction in output. Drought during silking stage mainly affected the normal pollination, fertilization and grain filling of corn plants, which increased the baldness, reduced the number of grains per spike, and reduced the 1000-grain weight. Plots with irrigation conditions can flexibly control irrigation according to weather conditions. In addition, during the grain filling period, the soluble organic matter in the stems and leaves must be transported by water in large quantities to the developing grains. Therefore, it is also necessary to supply the appropriate water. 2. The high-yield field can take care of flowering grains as appropriate. Fertilizers from topdressing to silking are called flower and grain fertilizers. The main role is to increase photosynthesis and prolong photosynthesis time, promote grain filling, prevent premature deferment of plant defermentation, and increase grain weight. Sprinkle-grain fertilizer is suitable for quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer. The amount of fertilizer should not be too much. Generally, 5-7.5 kg of urea can be topdressed per acre, which can be applied deeper on the corn side or combined with irrigation. For high-density fields and high-yield fields, attention should be paid to topdressing of grain-fat fertilizers. Heilongjiang reclamation area takes aircraft voyage operations during the corn flowering period to prevent and control pests and diseases, and supplements grain fertilizers. It mainly uses potassium dihydrogen phosphate 200 g/mu, Sonic boron 30-50 g/mu, and urea 100-200 g/mu. 3. Artificially assisted pollination may be performed when males and females are not coordinated. During the period from corn tasseling to silking, unfavorable weather conditions such as drought, cloudy rain, and extreme high temperatures often lead to incoherent male and female development, affecting fruit growth. At this time, artificial pollination may be used to increase the seed setting rate and increase the number of grains per pan during the effective loosening period. It is relatively simple to stick wood sticks or thick ropes laterally at the top of two vertical poles. Two people walk across the corn ridge with a mullion and gently hit the tassel with a spanner or a thick rope to help pollen fall off. The process of artificial pollination should be performed from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm on sunny days. Pest Control The flowering stage is the key period for plant reproductive growth and grain yield. The nutrient absorbed by the root system of maize plants, the photosynthetic products of the leaves and even the nutrient components of the plant are all transported to the ear, and the resistance of the plant is reduced, which is vulnerable to pests and diseases. . This period was a time when various leaf spot diseases aggravated, and corn ear rot occurred at this time. The diseases such as head smut, smut, stalk rot and madness disease were manifested in this period. The peak period of pest damage. At this time, the corn plants in the field are tall and dense, combined with the extremely hot and high temperatures in the summer, although the existing general chemical pesticide sprays and other technical measures have obvious effects, but the field is difficult to operate and the control cost is relatively high, resulting in difficulty in popularization and application. Therefore, the In the period, the prevention and control of diseases and pests of corn is mainly to use disease-resistant varieties to assist other cultivation and cultivation measures. However, in areas with conditions, high and low-vacuum sprayers or unmanned aerial vehicles can be used. In the Heilongjiang Reclamation Area, it is used to prevent and control the corn borer in the big bell-mouth stage and tasseling stage of the corn. The use of contact-killing and endo-inhalation insecticides, and the use of high and low-gap sprayers or aircrafts for navigation operations, are effective.
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