The latest release of Nature: There may be 8 subtypes of cervical cancer?
The link between human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer is well known. Therefore, the successful development of HPV vaccine a few years ago is considered to be a major breakthrough in the field of cervical cancer prevention and treatment. However, there are still more than 500,000 newly diagnosed cases of cervical cancer every year in the world, and more than 250,000 people die of cervical cancer. A large number of these cases are not caused by HPV. Therefore, it is still a top priority for the oncology community to find more effective and targeted cervical cancer therapy. Recently, researchers from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) published a genomics study of cervical cancer in Nature, and found eight cervical cancer subtypes with different genetic characteristics. The study was completed by the National Cancer Institute of NIH and the National Human Genome Research Institute's Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network. The researchers analyzed a total of 178 samples of primary cervical cancer and confirmed these eight unique subtypes. Type, most of which are HPV negative. This discovery is expected to bring a new personalized treatment to this part of cervical cancer patients. â–² various HPV subtypes (Source: std-gov.org) The newly discovered cervical cancer subtype has many similarities with endometrial cancer, including high mutation rates in the three genes KRAS, ARID1A and PTEN. Researchers have also focused on genetic mutations associated with increasingly important cancer immunotherapies, and they have found overexpression of CD274 and PDCD1 LG2 genes associated with PD-1 immunological checkpoints. In this group of patients, PD-1 immunotherapy may have a better effect. In addition, they also found that some patients have a variant BCAR4 gene, which increases the tumor's response to a breast cancer chemotherapy drug lapatinib. Overall, more than 70% of cervical cancer samples in this study carry mutations associated with important signaling pathways in the cell, PI3K/MAPK or TGF-beta, from the perspective of cellular signaling. This discovery also points the way for the search for new targeted drugs in the future. â–² Dr. Jean-Claude Zenklusen, Head of the Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network (Source: NIH official website)
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