Early prevention of common physiological diseases of potato
In the process of planting, the potato will have deformities, cracks, hollows, and black hearts. In some plots, the growth of the plants is very strong, but the potato chips are small or even without potato chips, which seriously affects the yield of the potatoes. The growers suffer economic losses. Common physiological diseases and their causes are: 1. The potato only grows long and does not grow potatoes. 1 improper selection during the sowing period. If the sowing time is not properly selected, when the temperature of the potato tubers is higher than 25 °C, the tubers stop growing and the stems and leaves grow vigorously. At this time, the nutrients produced by the stems and leaves are all used for the growth of the aboveground plants, and there is only a long knot. The phenomenon of potato; 2 Water and fertilizer management is improper. Land plots in which this happens are generally committed to investing in and managing well-managed farmers. 2. Tuber malformation Tumor malformation mainly has tumor-type malformation, that is, one or several tumor-like small potatoes are prominent in the bud-eye part of the tuber; the chain-shaped secondary growth type deformity, that is, the sugar gourd type potato stalk, is the stolon that grows on the tuber, and the top end expands again. Small tubers; secondary tubers, which form tubers on the tubers. 3. Tuber cleft At the time of harvest, some tubers have one or several longitudinal cracks on the surface and a potato skin cover on the surface. This phenomenon is mainly caused by the soil drying and wetting. When the soil is dry, the tubers stop growing and the epidermis is corked. When it rains or waters, the tubers continue to expand and cause the epidermis to rupture. 4. Tuber hollow Larger tubers are hollow, mostly white or tan in the hollow, and there are no symptoms on the outside. This is due to the abundant supply of fertilizer and water during the tuber expansion period, which causes the tuber to expand too fast. 5. Tuber black heart Inside the tuber, black or gray lesions appear, the boundary between the lesion and the healthy tissue is not obvious, the tuber at the lesion is not easy to cook, and the taste is brittle, which is caused by insufficient application of potassium fertilizer. This happens. Precaution: 1. Only grow up with no potatoes Sowing at the right time, so that the potato tuber expansion period is under the appropriate temperature conditions, avoiding the high temperature period. Scientific water and fertilizer management, increase the application of organic fertilizer, timely control of water seedlings in the seedling stage, if there is a phenomenon of prolonged, timely spray spurs to control the growth. 2. Prevention of tuber malformations and cracks Add organic fertilizer to increase soil water retention and fertilizer retention capacity, especially in tuber expansion period, watering should be timely to avoid soil drought. 3. Tuber hollow, black heart disease During the expansion period of potato tubers, maintain appropriate soil moisture, carry out reasonable close planting, balance fertilization according to soil testing formula, increase potassium fertilizer, and supplement calcium fertilizer. 4. Prevention of black heart disease during storage Before the potato is stored in the raft, choose a spacious, dry, ventilated, dark-proof site, and pre-store for about 15 days. When the potato husk is completely dry and corked, the respiration is weakened, and then the bag is filled. The yam should not exceed 2 meters, and a 0.5 meter passage should be left between the raft and the raft to facilitate ventilation, inspection and dumping. Ensure that there is enough oxygen to breathe while excluding the heat, moisture and carbon dioxide released by the potato block. Candy consumption trend is developing towards nutrition, health and
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