Early spring cucumbers in the greenhouse to prevent heat hazards
Editor's note: At present, the temperature gradually rises, and the cucumbers in the greenhouse often cause the temperature in the greenhouse to exceed the temperature needed for normal growth of the cucumber when the ventilation is not timely or the ventilation is not smooth. Under the influence of prolonged high temperature, the cucumber suffers from high temperatures. Hazards affect their yield and quality. Here, the vegetable farmer is reminded to make relevant preventive measures. First, the high temperature hazard performance 1. Inhibit growth. During the growth period of cucumber, if it is above 35°C for a long time, the photosynthesis will be difficult to carry out, that is, the respiration is greater than the photosynthesis, that is, the nutrients produced are not as much as the consumption. When the night temperature is too high, the respiratory consumption is more intense, the cucumber grows weaker, it is prone to premature aging, and the yield is low. 2. Actress. High temperature and high humidity are the main factors leading to leggy. Seedlings easily form tall seedlings, resulting in long internodes, easy lodging, poor flower bud differentiation, the result is small and thin. 3. Abnormal leaf. When the leaves are drying at high temperature, the leaf margins rewind downwards, the veins sag, and the leaves shrink, the leaf color changes from green to yellow, and then becomes dark brown, and the texture becomes brittle. When the leaves are dry, they die. At high temperature and high humidity, the leaf area increases, the leaves are thin and soft, the leaf color is light green, the petiole is elongated, and the middle and lower leaves begin to turn yellow due to the influence of high temperature, high humidity, and low light, and then the mold is rotten or the leaves become dark and green. Wilting drooping. In early spring, there is a large temperature difference between inside and outside, sometimes there is a water-soaked spot on the back of the upper and middle leaves, which disappears near noon or after ventilation. This is due to the high temperature of the greenhouse, the near saturation of the air humidity, the drip of the greenhouse, and the condensation of the foliage. Influences the transpiration of the foliage. If it is not timely ventilated, it can easily cause serious diseases. This situation can easily occur when the air is blown off quickly after the high-temperature drapery or drapery is over. It can even cause plants to lose water and wilting. If water does not keep up, it may cause death. 4. Increased malformation. When high temperature, drought, moisture and nutrient supply are poor, it is easy to produce "long melons" and "with hooked melons." When the temperature and humidity are not uniform, it is easy to produce "dagugua" and "beeswax". . Especially in the late growth period, if the temperature is not properly managed, the fertilizer and water will be unfavorably regulated, the near-surface ventilation will be poor, and the proportion of abnormal melons will increase. 5. Susceptibility to disease. High temperature easy to make cucumber infected with viral diseases, bacterial leaf spot disease, wilt disease and other diseases. High ground temperature can cause the root system to age, and even wither. Second, preventive measures 1. Make ventilation management of the greenhouses to avoid prolonged exposure to high temperatures above 35°C. During the period of cucumber fruiting, the temperature of the greenhouse is maintained at 28°C-30°C during the day, 16°C-18°C at night, and the relative humidity is lower than 85%. When the light is too strong, the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the shed is too large, and if it is inconvenient for the ventilation to cool or the ventilation does not reduce to the required temperature, the shade can be used to cool the temperature. When the temperature in the shed is too high and the relative humidity is too low, spray water mist. Pay attention to the high temperature stuffy shed to strictly control the temperature and time, high temperature stuffy shed must be filled with water the night before to improve the plant's heat resistance. 2. Poor water pouring. As the temperature rises, the evaporation of cucumber increases and the water consumption increases. If the water is not added in time, the phenomenon of wilting can easily occur. In this regard, as the temperature rises, the number of waterings should be appropriately increased to allow the plants to absorb enough water. 3. Cover the shade net in time. In general, covering the shade net can reduce the temperature of the ceiling by about 5°C. But pay attention to the use of shade nets to pull combination, high temperature and light use, to weaken the afternoon light or cloudy low light will pull up. 4. Appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Foliar application of 0.3%-0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 0.1% urea solution can effectively increase the plant's resistance to heat. Foliar can also be sprayed with calcium, zinc foliar fertilizer, enhance plant drought resistance. The high-temperature period, especially in the fruitful period, should pay attention to the application of high-potassium compound fertilizer. Different kinds of plant extracts contain different effective ingredients, and different effective ingredients are used in different products. 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