Yellow peach cultivation techniques
Peach seedling cultivation 1, choose a good nursery Choose high-pit, well-illuminated, loose and fertile land, deep plowing before sowing, adequate mechanical fertilizer, and open drainage ditch. 2, nurture rootstock seedlings (blossom seedlings) The production of splendid yellow peach seedlings is generally grafted seedlings, commonly used wild root peach rootstock. 3, grafting and raising seedlings There are two methods: T-shaped plug method and bud head paste method (this article focuses on the latter) Advantages: easy to use, suitable for large area grafting Operation procedure: 1 Rootstock processing: from mid-August to the end of September Broken anvil 10-15? Cut the anvil: Cut 2.5-3? with a grafting knife on the smooth surface of the rootstock and reach a xylem with a width of about 3-3.5? 2 Scion processing: Picking buds: Selecting robust vegetative shoot buds on the mother plant for scion, removing leaf retention petiole Cutting the buds: Cut a knife at the upper 0.5 point of the bud until it reaches the xylem, and then cut the xylem up to the transverse incision at the lower end of the bud. Attach scion: Place the cut scion on the cut of the rootstock to form a layer alignment. 3 Banding and loosening The shreds and rootstocks were tied with a plastic film tape. After two weeks, they were checked for survival and loosened in time. Colonization 1, dig and planting points: 40-50 planting hole depth, digging about 40 points per acre; apply 50 tons of organic fertilizer per hole, plus superphosphate 1?, so that a layer of fertilizer layer of soil; when filled with soil fertilizer When the planting hole is level with the ground, mud is taken from around the hole to form a planting mound with a height of 40-50 to wait for planting. 2, open drainage ditch Set the width (space) 4.5-5m, plant spacing 4.5m, groove width 40, depth 50?, Weigou and water depth of 80?. 3, colonization: 1 bud seedlings (September, then seedlings): buds full, stem 0.5 ~ 0.7cm, weak primary root, strong lateral roots, fibrous roots, no nodules. 2 into the seedlings (June picking seedlings): thick seedlings, stem thick 0.6cm, plastic with full buds 6 to 8 files. Disinfection: To prevent root nodules, 2 to 3 pounds of ammonium water per hole can be used for disinfection before colonization. Colonization: The time is before the late winter budding before the end of spring. It is best to plant before the end of February. The depth of the colonization is 3 to 5cm below the grafting site. The buds are sunny, and the water should be poured after planting. Set up a support bar: To prevent the seedlings from swinging due to the wind, insert a 50cm bamboo stick next to the seedlings and bind it. Cutting anvil topping: When the grafted shoot grows to more than 40cm, cut the rootstock in time and cut it obliquely at the upper 1cm of the bud. When the sprouting bud grows to more than 60cm, timely pick up the heart and promote shoot growth to prepare for the three branches. Fertilization management 1 New planting seedlings must pay attention to fertilizer management within 1 to 2 years to promote the growth of seedlings, but it must be applied thinly. Young trees can be planted with some vegetables in the growing season of spring and summer seedlings, which will help improve soil vigor and improve soil quality, but they must never plant high pole crops. In September-October, it is possible to apply organic fertilizer with a depth of 30 tons per acre and 50 kg of a phosphate fertilizer. However, it is not necessary to apply fertilizer or apply fertilizer at the beginning of the third year to control vegetative growth. 2 Growth Results Tree (normally put into production tree) Fertilize twice a year: Before the leaves fall after the fruit is picked in the fall, it is called “post-harvest fertilizerâ€; the amount of fertilizer should be determined according to the tree vigor, 40 lbs per mu, and 50 kg per pig. Phosphate fertilizer. The second fertilization before and after the fruit hard core period, also known as "fruit enlargement fertilizer"; generally 40 tons per mu ample manure or yellow peach special fertilizer or imported compound fertilizer 100 jins, generally within 3 to 4 days before and after July 10 . Over-wintering usually takes place in late September and early October. Water Management Peach fruit trees are very strict on the moisture requirements. During the rainy season and during the summer typhoon and typhoon, a drainage ditch must be opened so that the rain will stop and the water will not accumulate. During fruit enlargement, the amount of water required is large. In case of high temperature and drought, drought irrigation must be timely. In case of continuous drought in September, drought and irrigation are also required to promote flower bud differentiation, so that normal flowering, high fruit setting rate, and stable yield will occur next year. Summer irrigation time is best in the evening or early morning. Fruit Management The yellow peach dropped more seriously, and there were three physiological fruit drop in the year. The first physiological fruit drop occurred about 15 days after flowering; the second fruit drop was hard core fruit drop from late May to early June, especially when the young trees at the initial result began to harden. Prevention methods: use peach to suppress the long sticks, can not be fertilized before flowering, to prevent running tip; in the summer can be repaired, appropriate fertilization, pay attention to row season in the rainy season, to prevent pests and diseases. The fruit set rate is too high, excessive consumption of nutrients, can cause fruit drop, must be timely fruit thinning. Thinning fruit can be divided into two times: the first time in late May to early June, clear small fruit and dense fruit; the second time in mid-June to late June, the fruit thinning standard is generally long fruit branch to stay There are 4 fruit, 2 to 3 middle fruit branches and 1 short fruit branch. The appropriate time for the "Splendid" yellow peach bagging is generally mid-to-late June. Pruning 1. Main branch culture The main trunk is about 40 centimeters high. The main branch is evenly configured with three main branches. The angle between the main branches is 120 degrees. 2. Cultivation of lateral branches Each main branch is generally equipped with two lateral branches to form a "three main and six sides" skeleton structure. 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